Conflict, Climate Change, and Environmental Degradation in Syria: Soil, Livelihoods, and the Multiplication of Risk

Safwan Alhaiek, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (Syria)

Conflict, Climate Change, and Environmental Degradation in Syria: Soil, Livelihoods, and the Multiplication of Risk

This presentation explores the interconnected impacts of conflict, climate change, and environmental degradation in Syria, with a focus on soil degradation, agricultural livelihoods, and increasing vulnerability in fragile settings. More than a decade of conflict has intensified environmental stress through land degradation, declining soil fertility, water scarcity, and disrupted farming systems. These pressures are compounded by climate-related challenges, including drought, extreme temperatures, and irregular rainfall.

Drawing on research and field experience from northwest Syria, the presentation highlights how environmental degradation acts as a risk multiplier, worsening food insecurity, displacement, and livelihood instability. It also discusses opportunities for climate-resilient agriculture, sustainable soil management, and locally driven adaptation strategies to strengthen resilience in conflict-affected communities.