Environmental Peacebuilding Association

Weapons, Waste, and Pollution

Threat Multiplier: Climate, Military Leadership, and the Fight for Global Security

2024 | Island Press
Sherri Goodman

Threat Multiplier takes us onto the battlefield and inside the Pentagon to show how the US military is confronting the biggest security risk in global history:…

Off the Shelf | Climate Change, Military Leadership, and the Fight for Global Security with Author, Sherri Goodman [Video]

2024 | Wilson Center
Sherri Goodman

In her new book, Threat Multiplier: Climate, Military Leadership, and the Fight for Global Security, Sherri Goodman, the nation’s inaugural Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Environmental Security…

The Dawn of Climate Security (review of "Threat Multiplier")

2024 | Science
Saleem H. Ali

Militaries are major consumers of fossil fuels, and any curtailment of this demand for the purposes of reducing carbon emissions was initially perceived by US…

Ukraine: An Intersection of Environment and Nuclear Security Issues

2023 | Peace Policy
Drew Marcantonio and Kristina Hook

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 is one of the most monitored conflicts in the history of warfare. From remote sensing satellite imagery to signals intelligence to social media monitoring,…

Environmental Violence: A Tool for Planetary Health Research

2023 | The Lancet
Richard Marcantonio and Agustín Fuentes

From climate change to toxic pollution and the interactive effects of multiple pollution streams, human health is under siege. Human-produced environmental risks to health and…

A Rapid Environmental Risk Assessment of the Kakhovka Dam Breach during the Ukraine Conflict

2024 | Nature Ecology & Evolution
Bryan M. Spears, Quillon Harpham, Emma Brown, Catherine L. Barnett, Louise Barwell, Marta Roca Collell, Mark Davison, Harry Dixon, J. Alex Elliott, Angus Garbutt, Caroline Hazlewood, Barabara Hofmann, James Lanyon, Stephen Lofts, Colin MacKechnie, Sergiy

Assessing habitat and biodiversity loss in active conflict zones is a major challenge1. Independent scientific evidence on wartime impacts is essential to inform the environmental…

Managing the Environmental Impacts of War: What Can Be Learned from Conflict-Vulnerable Communities?

2024 | Elsevier
Hailemariam Meaza, Tesfaalem Ghebreyohannes, Jan Nyssen, Zbelo Tesfamariam, Biadiglign Demissie, Jean Poesen, Misgina Gebrehiwot, Teklehaymanot G. Weldemichel, Seppe Deckers, Desta Gebremichael Gidey, and Matthias Vanmaercke

Wars have serious negative effects on the total environment. This study reviews 193 case studies worldwide in order to better understand these impacts and their potential management…

Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict—50 Years of Effort, and No End in Sight

2023 | Environment and Security
Michael Bothe

The debate about environmental protection in relation to armed conflict began around 1970 due to the meeting of two political movements: on the one hand,…

Natural Resource Exploitation in Nigeria: Consequences of Human Actions and Best Practice for Environmental Sustainability—A Review

2019 | Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplanary Studies
Angela O. Akanwa and F. Ikegbunam

The mining environment has been characterized by a number of risks and vulnerabilities with the implications for the attainment of the SDGs. One of these…

Natural Resource Exploitation in Nigeria: Consequences of Human Actions and Best Practice for Environmental Sustainability--A Review

2019 | Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplanary Studies
Angela O. Akanwa and F. Ikegbunam

The mining environment has been characterized by a number of risks and vulnerabilities with the implications for the attainment of the SDGs. One of these…

The Siege of Gaza’s Water

2024 | Center for Strategic and International Studies
Natasha Hall, Anita Kirschenbaum, and David Michel

On October 9, in response to the October 7 assault by Hamas militants, Israel’s defense minister ordered a “complete siege” on the Gaza Strip, including…

The Glaring Gaps: Environmental Violence and Peace Research and Practice

2024 | Peacebuilding
Richard Marcantonio

Human-caused global impact on socio-ecological systems has been labelled the greatest challenge to human and environmental health. It is also a significant, and perhaps the…

Mine Action and Climate Change: The Legacy of Explosive Ordnance Contamination and Future Needs

2024 | Climate.Changes.Security. – Navigating Climate Change and Security Challenges in the OSCE Region
Kristin Holme Obrestad, Linsey Cottrell, and Sarah Njeri

Land contaminated by landmines and other explosive remnants of war poses a significant and long-term threat to communities living in conflict or post-conflict areas. These…

The Scars beyond Bullets: Recognizing the Environmental Toll of War

2024 | International Journal of Science and Research Archive
Titilayo Aishat Otukoya

Warfare, throughout history, has not only shaped geopolitical landscapes but has left an indelible mark on the environment. The unintended consequences of armed conflicts extend…

A Polluting War: Risk, Experts, and the Politics of Monitoring Wartime Environmnetal Harm in Eastern Ukraine

2024 | Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space
Freek van der Vet

War always harms the environment. As the fog of war produces unreliable data, it also obstructs our capacity to monitor those harms. While some call…

The Devastating Impact of Gaza’s Acute and Prolonged Water Crisis

2024 | Middle East Institute
Natasha Westheimer

The Gaza Strip, a densely populated coastal enclave, faces a severe and worsening water crisis. Over the past five months, Gaza has been devastated by…

The Unprecedented Ramsar Resolution: Ukrainian Wetlands Protection in Armed Confict

2024 | Netherlands International Law Review
Meng Wang

Armed conflict has devastating environmental consequences, adversely impacting critical ecosystems and natural resources. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which has been ongoing since February…

Ukraine Conflict Environmental Briefing: Nature

2024 | Conflict and Environment Observatory and Zoï Environment Network

The scale and intensity of the conflict in Ukraine has resulted in widespread and locally severe damage to some of its most ecologically important areas,…

Conflict Pollution Hotspots in Iraq

2024 | World Bank

Successive conflicts in Iraq were characterised by tactics to damage its oil and industrial assets that not only led to huge economic loss, but pollution…

A Polluting War: Risk, Experts, and the Politics of Monitoring Wartime Environmental Harm in Eastern Ukraine

2024 | Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space
Freek van der Vet

War always harms the environment. As the fog of war produces unreliable data, it also obstructs our capacity to monitor those harms. While some call…

Forging a Green Shield

2024 | International Politics and Society
Louise van Schaik

The EU institutions are working hard to come up with new communications on the upcoming European Defence Industrial Strategy and a 2040 emission reduction target,…

Military Fortifications in Ukraine – What Comes Next?

2024 | Ukraine War Environmental Consequences Work Group
Oleksiy Vasyliuk

One of the most widespread consequences of military impacts on natural landscapes is the construction of fortifications. We have already written that the consequences of…

Mitigating Risks of Environmental Impacts on Gaza - Review of Precautions & Solutions Post (2023 War)

2023 | International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology
Khawla Al-Muhannadi and Mohamed Buheji

The latest war on Gaza that started after 7th of October 2023, has increased the risks of the environmental impact on the people's quality of…

Can Crimes of Ecocide Committed during the Conflict in Ukraine be Legally Punished?

2023 | Law and World
Sophie Joubert

The conflict in Ukraine is not only taking a heavy toll on human lives but also significantly impacting the environment and wildlife. Many natural areas…

Protecting the Environment in Armed Conflict

2023 | International Review of the Red Cross
Bruno Demeyere, Jillian Rafferty, Begümhan Idikut Simsir, and Lea Redae

Established in 1869, the International Review of the Red Cross is a peer-reviewed journal published by the ICRC and Cambridge University Press. Its aim is…

The Role of the Science-Policy Panel in Addressing the Health and Ecological Impact of Conflict Pollution and the Toxic Remnants of War

2023 | Conflict and Environment Observatory
Conflict and Environment Observatory

Our organisations welcomed UNEA-5’s adoption of resolution 5/8 in March 2022, and the decision to establish a Science-Policy Panel to contribute further to the sound…